Typewriting machine



23, 1932- c. w. CRUMRINE TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 29, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 2%.? ATTORNEY Aug. 23, 1932. C CRUMRlNE 1,873,553

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 29, 1930 2 Shets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR C/zeszer Crummwze 721.9 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES rATENn OFFICE CHESTER W. CRUMRINE, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ELECTROMA TIC TYPEWRITERS, INC., OF ROCHESTER, N YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK TYPEWRITING MACHINE Application filed March 29, 1930. Serial No. 439,972.

This invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines and especially to means for moving the carriage of such a machine in a reverse direction one letter space distance at a time. 4

The principal object of the invention is to provide simple and efiicient a'neans for imparting a reverse movementto the carriage for back spacing. 1

Another object of the invention is to provide a dog which when actuated moves bodily in'a direction to engage a rack on the carriage and then swings on it's pivot to move the carriage backward one letter space distance. A still further object of the invention is to provide means for rendering the dog inoperative to engage the rack when the carriage is released for tabulating.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the construction and arrangement of par-ts that'will appear from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the novel features being pointed out in the claims following the specification.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a fragmentary plan view of a part of the frame of a typewriting machine showing a fragment of the carriage rack adjacent thereto and illustrating one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the same;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view showing the normal position of the dog relative to the rack;

Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the dog moved into engagement with the rack Fig. 5 is a similar View showing the dog locked from engagement with the rack;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the carriage, and v Fig. 7 is a transverse section thereof taken substantially on line 77 Fig. 6.

Referring particularly to the drawings in p which like reference numerals refer to the same part in all views, 1 designates a part of the frame ofa typewriting machine on which a carriage moves from right to left for letter and word spacing step by step in a manner well known in the art. The carriage normallytends to move under the action of its motor 2, and this movement is controlled by escapement devices adapted to arrest the carriage after each letter space movement. Said escapement devices may be of any well known or usual type, and in the embodiment illustrated they comprise a rack 2 mounted on the carriage-and having ratchet teeth 3 spaced two letter space distances apart. Cooperating with the teeth 3 is a pair of pawls 4 and 5 slidably mounted on a common pivot. on a bracket 6 on the frame member 1. The pawls are adapted to slide on their pivots with the carriage; resilient means in the'form of springs 7 operate to move them in the opposite direction and swing them towards the rack. Means is provided which is actuated from a universal bar, not shown, for disengaging the holding pawl from the rack, to

-'permit the carriage to move under the impulse of its motorinto engagement with the other pawl which in turn operates to stop its movement at the end of the letter space. I

An operator frequently desires to 'move the carriage in a reverse direction one or more letter spaces for back spacing. The present invention is designed to provide simple means, operated from the keyboard or other convenient point on the machine for back spacing the carriage one letter space distance at a time. To this end, a dog 8 is pivotally and slidably mounted on a bracket 9 on the frame. The'dog has a slot 11 which is inclined relative to the rack 2 and which engages the pivot- 12 on the bracket 9. l/Vhen the dog is in the position in which the pivot occupies the lower righthand end of its slot, as seen in Figs. 1 and 3, the dog is disengaged from the rack, but when the dog is moved on its pivot until the pivot occupies the other moves bodily toward and into engagement with the rack. If now, the dog is turned on its pivot the rack and carriage are moved therewith toward the right as indicated by the arrow in said Fig. 4.

The springs 7 are anchored in an opening adjacent the free end of the dog 8 and resilientl maintain it in engagement with a stop 13 xed to the. frame of the machine. The

. dog 8 is connected with a bell crank lever 17 pivoted on the frame of the machine, by means of a link 15 connected with-one arm 16 of the bell crank, the other arm of which is connected .with the back spacing key by means of the link 18. A spring 19 connected with the arm 16 of the bell crank and anchored on the frame of the machine tends to move the bell crank to normal retracted position and with it the dog 8 and link 18. It will be noted that the springs 7 and 19 cooperate with each other in moving the dog 8 and bell crank 17, each-operatin throu h.

link 15. When the back spacing ey is epressed, the link 18 swings the bell crank 17 on its pivot against the action of the spring 19 and tends to pull the dog 8 to the right against the action of the springs 7. 'It /will be noted by reference to the drawings that the link 15 is connected with the dog at a point between the engagement therewith b the spring 7 and its pivot 12. The springs tend to resiliently hold the free end of the dog to the left and since the other end of the dog is free to move on its pivot, the dog turns on the end of the spring as a pivot and moves onthe pivot 12 from the Fig. 3to the Fig. 4 position, and by reason of the inclination of its slot moves toward and into engagement with the rack 2 and during such movement slides on the fixed stop 13.

When the end of the slot 11 in the dog has moved into engagement with the pivot 12 further bodily movement of the pawl toward the rack is arrested, which movement is also stopped by the engagement of the dog with at this time swings the dog on its pivot against the action of the springs 7, and by reason of its engagement with the rack 2 moves it and the carriage to the right as seen in the drawings until the carriage has moved a full letter space, when a forwardly projecting stop 21 on the dog engages a stop 22 adjustably secured to the frame of the machine. During this backward movement of the carriage the pawls 4 and 5 -ride idly over the teeth of the rack which they reengage to stop the forward movement of the carriage. When the bell crank 17 is released, the springs 7 and 19op'erate to return the parts to normal position.

As stated above, the teeth 3 of the rack are spaced two letter space distances apart, so that if the dog 8 engaged its teeth successively it would move the rack two letter spaces or fail to engage therewith. For this reason the dog 8 is provided with two teeth 25 having a notch or depression between them which elternately engage a toothof the rack as the carriage is moved backwardly one letter space distance at a time.

In the tabulating operation the escapement pawls are disengaged from the rack leaving it free to move under the impulse of its motor until arrested by engagement with one of the tabulating stops 31. Should the back spacing dog be accidently moved into engagement with the rack while thus moving freely under the action of its motor injury to the parts would be likely to' occur. To overcome this liability, means are provided for locking the dog against movement on its pivot into engagement with the rack. Said means comprises a locking lever 27 pivotedon a bracket 28 projecting from the frame of the machine, and at one end is bent at right angles to itself to form a stop 29 adapt-- ed to engage the back spacing lever at a point adjacent its pivot and lock it in normal position out of engagement with the rack as shown in Fig. 5. If the back spacing key be now operated, the pawl is locked against bodily movement on its pivot butswings thereon to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig; 5. 'It will be noted that when the locking member 29 engages the back spacing dog, the dog swings out of the path of the stop 22 and is not engaged thereby. The other end of the locking lever 27 is resiliently held in the path of the'tabular lever 31, which is adapted to engage and swing the escapement pawls out of engagement with the rack during the tabulating operation. arrangement, when the lever 31 is actuated to move the pawls from the rack, it engages the rack. Further movement of the link .15

the locking lever'27 and moves it to locking position, and-locks the back spacing dog from bodily movement into engagement with the rack.

It will be noted that when the back spacing key is actuated the slot 11 operates as a cam to move the dog bodily into engagement with the rack while. its free or toothed endpivots in the backspacing direction a distance of substantially one-half letter space distance by their springs, it is necessary to move the carriage'back more than a letter space distance, and the carriage motor then moves it forwardly until stopped by one of By this 1 the escapement pawls. In order to provide for properly limiting the movement of the dog at all times, and prevent overthrow, the stop 22 may be adjustablymounted on the frame as shown. To this end, the screws 31 which secure the stop to the frame may pass through slightly elongated or enlarged openmgs in the stop, so that by loosening the screws the stop may be adjusted in one direction or the other on the frame.

Although only one embodiment of the invention is illustrated and described herein, it will be understood that this application is intended to cover such changes or modificatlons as come within the spirit of the invention or scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a typewriting-machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable on said frame, a rack on said carriage, a dog having a cam slot whereby it is pivoted on the frame and movable relatively thereto, resilient means for maintaining the dog in normal position out of engagement with the rack and the pivot in one end of its'slot, and means for moving said dog relatively to its pivot to cam it into engagement with the rack and until the pivot engages the other end of its 1 slot, and then to swing it on its pivot against the action of said resilient means to move the rack.

2. In atypewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable on said frame, a rack on said carriage, a dog having a cam slot whereby it is pivoted on the frame and movable relatively thereto, resilient means for maintaining the dog in normal position out of engagement with the rack and the pivot inone end of its slot, means for moving the dog bodily on its pivot to cam it into engagement with the rack and until the pivot engages the other end of its slot and then to swing it on its pivot against the action of said resilient means to move the rack, and means for limiting the swinging movement of the dog.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable on said frame, a rack on said carriage, a dog having a cam slot adjacent one end whereby it is pivotally and slidably mounted on the frame, a fixed stop on the frame, resilient means for maintaining the dog normally out of engagement with the rack and in engagement with the said fixed stop, and means for moving the dog slidably on the frame to cam it along said stop into engagement with the raclli and swinging it on its pivot to move the rac 4. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable on said frame, a rack on said carriage, a dog having a cam slot adjacent one end whereby it is pivotally and slidably mounted on the vframe,

a stop fixed on the frame adjacent to the the rack, and then to swing it on its pivot,

against the action of its spring to move the rack.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable thereon j for letter spacing, means for moving the' carriage, tabulating devices, a back spacing dog, and a lever actuated by the tabulating devices for rendering the back spacing dog ineffective, during the tabulating operation.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable thereon for letter spacing, means for moving the carriage, a ratchet, an escapement pawl engaging said ratchet for holding the carriage against the action of its moving means, tabulating devices comprising means for disengaging said escapement pawl from the ratchet, a back spacing dog, and means for rendering said back spacing dog ineffective when said escapement pawl is disengaged from the ratchet.

7. In'a typewriting machine, the combina- :tion of a frame, a carriage movable thereon for letter spacing, means for moving the carriage, a ratchet, an escapement pawlengaging said ratchet for holding the carriage against the action of its moving means, tabulating devices comprising means for disengaglng said escapement pawl from the ratchet, a back spacing dog a locking lever for said dog, and means for moving said locking lever into engagement with said dog, when the escapement pawl is disengaged from the ratchet.

, 8. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable thereon for letter spacing, means for moving the carriage, a ratchet on the carriage, a pair of escapement pawls on the frame adapted to alternately engage said ratchet to hold the 'carriage against the action of its moving means, tabulating devices comprising means for rendering the escapement pawls inefiective, a back spacing dog, a locking lever for rendering said dog inoperative to move the carriage, and means for moving said locking lever into engagement with said dog when the escapement pawls are thus ren 'dered inefiective.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable thereon for letter spacing, means for moving the carriage, a ratchet on the carriage, a pair of escapement pawls on the frame adapted to alternately engage said ratchet to hold the carriageagainst the action --of its moving lever into engagement with said dog when' the escapement said ratchet. 10. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable thereon for letter spacing, means for moving the carriage, a ratchet on the carriage, an esoapement pawl on the frame adapted to pawls are moved away from engage the ratchet and hold the carriage path of movement away from said adjusta- "able stop.

14. In a typewritingmachine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable on the frame, a rack on said carriage, a dog having a slot whereby it is pivotally and slidably mounted on theframe, a fixed stop .on the frame, resilient means for maintaining the dog normally in engagement withv said fixed stop and out of engagement with the rack, and: means for sliding the dog on its pivot and said stop into engagement with the rack'and then swinging it on its pivot to move the rack.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

CHESTER W. CRUMRINE.

against the action of its moving means, a

back spacing pawl also mounted on' the frame and adapted to engage the ratchet and move the carriage in a reverse direction, and means resiliently connecting said escapemen't pawl and back spacing dog for moving the pawl toward the rack and retaining the dog in a normal position out of engagement with the rack. v

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage movable thereon for letter spacing, a rack on said carriage, a back spacing dog on the frame, said dog comprising a toothed portion at one end adapted to engage said rack and a cam slot adjacent its other ,end whereby it is mounted on a pivot on the frame, and means for movingtlie dog bodily on its pivot to engage it with the rack and thereafter'swinging it on its pivot to move the carriage.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination with-a frame, a carriage movable thereon fo letter spacing, a rack on the carriage a dog movably mounted on the frame, a fixed stop, means for normally maintaining the dog in engagement with said fixed stop out of engagement with the rack, a projection on said dog, means for moving said dog on the fixed stop into engagement with the rack and then to move the rack and carriage in back spacing direction, and an adjustable riage, a dog movably mounted on the frame,

a fixed stop, means for normally maintaining stop in the path of said projection for limitthe dog in engagement with said fixed stop I i out of engagement with the rack, .aprojec tion on said dog, means for moving said dog on the fixed stop into engagement with the,

rack\and then to move the rack and carriage in a back spacing direction, an adjustable stop in the path of said projection for limit- 4 ing the back spacing movement of the dog,-

and means for retaining the dog out of engagement with the rack and changing its I no 

